Classification of pure cotton flame retardant special agents
There are many types of pure cotton flame retardants, which can be classified into the following categories according to different classification standards:
1. Classified by flame retardant effect and durability:
Temporary flame retardant:
Characteristics: It has a flame retardant effect by physical adsorption or deposition on the surface of fibers, but has poor washing resistance. After one or several washes, the flame retardant effect will significantly decrease or even disappear.
Application: Commonly used for disposable textiles or temporary flame retardant treatment, such as stage scenery, exhibition decoration, etc.
For example, borax, boric acid, ammonium phosphate, etc.
Semi durable flame retardant:
Characteristics: Through chemical bonding or cross-linking, it forms a certain degree of bond with fibers and has better washability than temporary flame retardants. However, after multiple washings, the flame retardant effect will gradually decrease.
Application: Commonly used for textiles with low requirements for flame retardancy and fewer washing cycles, such as curtains, carpets, etc.
For example, urea phosphate, melamine formaldehyde resin, etc.
Durable flame retardant:
Characteristics: Through chemical reactions, it forms a strong bond with fibers, has good washing resistance, and has a long-lasting flame retardant effect. Even after multiple washes, it can maintain good flame retardant performance.
Application: Widely used in textiles with high requirements for flame retardancy, such as children's pajamas, hotel textiles, protective clothing, etc.
2. Classified by chemical composition:
Inorganic flame retardants:
Features: High flame retardant efficiency and low price, but it may affect the feel and comfort of the fabric.
For example, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, borate salts, etc.
Organic flame retardants:
Features: Wide variety, high flame retardant efficiency, minimal impact on fabric performance, but relatively high price.
For example: halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants, etc.
Organic inorganic composite flame retardant:
Features: Combining the advantages of inorganic and organic flame retardants, it has high flame retardant efficiency and little impact on fabric performance.
For example, nanocomposite flame retardants, expansion flame retardants, etc.
3. Classified by mechanism of action:
Gas phase flame retardant: releases inert gas during combustion, dilutes the concentration of combustible gas, and inhibits combustion.
Condensed phase flame retardant: forms a carbon layer during combustion, isolates oxygen and heat, and prevents the spread of combustion.
Interrupted heat exchange flame retardant: By absorbing heat, cooling, and other methods, the heat exchange during the combustion process is interrupted to achieve flame retardancy.
Choosing the appropriate pure cotton flame retardant agent requires consideration of the following factors:
The ultimate use of fabric
Flame retardant performance requirements
Cost budget
environmental requirements
With the advancement of technology, new environmentally friendly, efficient, and multifunctional pure cotton flame retardant agents continue to emerge, providing more choices for flame retardant treatment of pure cotton fabrics.